# TexLive Formatting

**Text styling** is done with commands like `\textbf{bold}`, `\textit{italic}`, `\emph{emphasis}`, and `\underline{underline}`. `\emph` is context-aware—it produces italics normally but upright text inside italicized sections. Font sizes use `\tiny`, `\small`, `\normalsize`, `\large`, `\Large`, `\LARGE`, `\huge`, `\Huge`. These are commands without arguments; they affect everything after them until the grouping ends or a new command overrides.

```latex
\documentclass{article}
\usepackage{xcolor}
\begin{document}

\textbf{Bold text} and \textit{italic text} and \emph{emphasized}.

\tiny Tiny text \normalsize back to normal.

\textcolor{red}{Red text} and \textcolor{blue}{blue text}.

\colorbox{yellow}{Yellow background}

\end{document}
```

**Colors** require the `xcolor` package (`\usepackage{xcolor}`). Use `\textcolor{colorname}{text}` for colored text or `\colorbox{colorname}{text}` for background color. Common color names: red, blue, green, orange, purple, black, white, gray, yellow. Define custom colors with `\definecolor{mycolor}{rgb}{0.5,0.2,0.8}` using RGB values (0-1).

**Boxes** group text or create visual containers. `\fbox{text}` draws a box around text. `\parbox{width}{text}` or `\minipage{width}...\end{minipage}` constrains text to a width. `\framebox{text}` is similar to `\fbox` but with more control.

```latex
\fbox{Boxed text}

\begin{minipage}{5cm}
This text is constrained to 5cm width and will wrap.
\end{minipage}
```

**Spacing** controls whitespace. `\\` forces a line break. `\vspace{1cm}` adds vertical space (10mm, 1in, etc.). `\hspace{1cm}` adds horizontal space. `\vfill` fills remaining vertical space on a page; `\hfill` fills horizontal space. Paragraph spacing is set with `\parskip` length in the preamble.

```latex
First line\\
Second line

Some text \hfill Right-aligned text

\vspace{2cm}

Text after vertical space
```

**Alignment** uses environments: `\begin{center}...\end{center}` centers, `\begin{flushleft}...\end{flushleft}` left-aligns, `\begin{flushright}...\end{flushright}` right-aligns. These affect entire paragraphs, not inline text.