# Debian Development Tools

Debian provides compilers, interpreters, debuggers, and version control for software development.

## Build Essentials

Install compiler, linker, make, and headers:

```bash
sudo apt install build-essential
```

This pulls in `gcc`, `g++`, `make`, `libc6-dev`, and related tools.

## Compiling C/C++

Compile C program:

```bash
gcc -o program program.c
gcc -Wall -O2 -o program program.c    # with warnings and optimization
```

Compile C++:

```bash
g++ -o program program.cpp
```

Link multiple files:

```bash
gcc -c file1.c -o file1.o
gcc -c file2.c -o file2.o
gcc -o program file1.o file2.o -lm      # -lm links math library
```

## Debugging

Use `gdb` (GNU Debugger):

```bash
sudo apt install gdb
gcc -g -o program program.c        # -g includes debug info
gdb program
```

Common gdb commands:
- `run` — start program
- `break main` — set breakpoint
- `step` — step into
- `next` — step over
- `print variable` — inspect variable
- `continue` — resume

Memory checking:

```bash
sudo apt install valgrind
valgrind ./program
```

## Interpreters

Install Python:

```bash
sudo apt install python3 python3-pip
```

Install Node.js:

```bash
sudo apt install nodejs npm
```

Install Ruby:

```bash
sudo apt install ruby
```

Install Go:

```bash
sudo apt install golang-go
```

Language-specific package managers:
- Python: `pip3 install package`
- Node: `npm install package`
- Ruby: `gem install package`
- Go: `go get package`

## Version Control

Install Git:

```bash
sudo apt install git
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "you@example.com"
```

Clone a repo:

```bash
git clone https://github.com/user/repo.git
```

## Build Tools

Make is standard:

```bash
sudo apt install make
make              # runs default target
make install      # runs install target
```

CMake for cross-platform:

```bash
sudo apt install cmake
```

## Installing Dependencies

Find what package provides a library:

```bash
apt-file search libssl-dev
apt-cache search libssl
```

Install development headers (most common):

```bash
sudo apt install libfoo-dev
sudo apt install libssl-dev
```

Build dependencies for existing package:

```bash
sudo apt build-dep package-name
```

## IDE/Editors

- `vim` or `emacs` — powerful text editors
- `gedit` — GNOME text editor
- VS Code: download from Microsoft
- JetBrains IDEs: download from JetBrains

Most developers use editor + CLI tools rather than full IDE on Debian servers.